Know/Perceive/Compare/judge/interpret/comprehend - understand Pancha-Indriyas (Sensory organs - eye-ear-nose-tongue-skin) has the ability to know materials around. But when we say, know it is not od sensory activity - there is a perceiver inside all of us, who does it. Perception is through manas (controller of pancha-indriyas) as per the Indian explanation, which western modern science can't understand and agree. It is the mind / thoughts that can be understood that happens in the buddhi (brain). Thus the internal process of perception is what makes us to know what indriyas input in us. But learning is always with compare - judge - interpret - comprehend, that means there is logic, thoughts previous understandings used. This is generic and common for human.